Not enough water
More than half of all children and adolescents in the United States are not getting enough hydration — probably because they're not drinking enough water — a situation that could have significant repercussions for their physical health and their cognitive and emotional functioning, according to the first national study of its kind from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
The study also found racial/ethnic and gender gaps in hydration status. Black children and adolescents were at higher risk of inadequate hydration than whites; boys were at higher risk than girls.
The study appears online June 11 in the American Journal of Public Health.
"These findings are significant because they highlight a potential health issue that has not been given a whole lot of attention in the past," said lead author Erica Kenney. "Even though for most of these kids this is not an immediate, dramatic health threat, this is an issue that could really be reducing quality of life and well-being for many, many children and youth."
Always moving
The constant movement of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be distracting — but the fidgeting also may improve their cognitive performance, a study by researchers with the UC Davis MIND Institute has found.
The study of pre-teens and teenagers with ADHD examined how movement — its intensity and frequency — correlated with accuracy on cognitively demanding tasks requiring good attention. It found that participants who moved more intensely exhibited substantially better cognitive performance.
The study, "A trial-by-trial analysis reveals more intense physical activity is associated with better cognitive control performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder," was published online in Child Neuropsychology.
"It turns out that physical movement during cognitive tasks may be a good thing for them," said Julie Schweitzer, the study's senior author.
Aspirin and cancer
"Take two aspirin and call me in the morning" has been the punchline for countless jokes. Could it also be good advice for cancer patients?
A lab study to appear in the July 2015 issue of Laboratory Investigation found that a daily dose of aspirin was effective at blocking breast tumor growth. Previous studies have already shown a similar effect on colon, gastrointestinal, prostate, and other cancers.
The trick, says Dr. Sushanta Banerjee, research director of the Cancer Research Unit at the Kansas City (Mo.) Veterans Affairs Medical Center, is to ensure conditions around cancer stem cells aren't conducive for reproduction, something aspirin seems able to do.
Surgery and obesity
Research from the University of Alberta's Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry is revealing the heavy surgical consequences of severe obesity.
The study, published in the February edition of the Canadian Journal of Surgery, looked at the results of severely obese patients in need of emergency surgery. Of the patients studied, nearly half (40 percent) needed to be admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), and just under one in five (17 percent) did not survive to be discharged home.
"This is one of the first studies to show in an emergency surgical population that the severely obese patients have such risk for major complications and death," says Rachel Khadaroo, an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery at the University of Alberta, and co-author of the study.
Teen alcohol use
A new study suggests sleep problems and energy product use are associated with increased alcohol use in teens, even after controlling for sociodemographics and mental health.
Results show that both sleeping problems and use of energy products are associated with greater risk of alcohol use in teenagers, according to a study conducted by the RAND Corp.
"Our findings suggest that teenagers may be using highly caffeinated energy products to cope with sleep loss, and both sleep problems and energy product use are associated with increased risk of alcohol use," said lead author Wendy Troxel.
The research abstract was published recently in an online supplement of the journal Sleep.
More than half of all children and adolescents in the United States are not getting enough hydration — probably because they're not drinking enough water — a situation that could have significant repercussions for their physical health and their cognitive and emotional functioning, according to the first national study of its kind from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
The study also found racial/ethnic and gender gaps in hydration status. Black children and adolescents were at higher risk of inadequate hydration than whites; boys were at higher risk than girls.
The study appears online June 11 in the American Journal of Public Health.
"These findings are significant because they highlight a potential health issue that has not been given a whole lot of attention in the past," said lead author Erica Kenney. "Even though for most of these kids this is not an immediate, dramatic health threat, this is an issue that could really be reducing quality of life and well-being for many, many children and youth."
Always moving
The constant movement of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be distracting — but the fidgeting also may improve their cognitive performance, a study by researchers with the UC Davis MIND Institute has found.
The study of pre-teens and teenagers with ADHD examined how movement — its intensity and frequency — correlated with accuracy on cognitively demanding tasks requiring good attention. It found that participants who moved more intensely exhibited substantially better cognitive performance.
The study, "A trial-by-trial analysis reveals more intense physical activity is associated with better cognitive control performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder," was published online in Child Neuropsychology.
"It turns out that physical movement during cognitive tasks may be a good thing for them," said Julie Schweitzer, the study's senior author.
Aspirin and cancer
"Take two aspirin and call me in the morning" has been the punchline for countless jokes. Could it also be good advice for cancer patients?
A lab study to appear in the July 2015 issue of Laboratory Investigation found that a daily dose of aspirin was effective at blocking breast tumor growth. Previous studies have already shown a similar effect on colon, gastrointestinal, prostate, and other cancers.
The trick, says Dr. Sushanta Banerjee, research director of the Cancer Research Unit at the Kansas City (Mo.) Veterans Affairs Medical Center, is to ensure conditions around cancer stem cells aren't conducive for reproduction, something aspirin seems able to do.
Surgery and obesity
Research from the University of Alberta's Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry is revealing the heavy surgical consequences of severe obesity.
The study, published in the February edition of the Canadian Journal of Surgery, looked at the results of severely obese patients in need of emergency surgery. Of the patients studied, nearly half (40 percent) needed to be admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), and just under one in five (17 percent) did not survive to be discharged home.
"This is one of the first studies to show in an emergency surgical population that the severely obese patients have such risk for major complications and death," says Rachel Khadaroo, an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery at the University of Alberta, and co-author of the study.
Teen alcohol use
A new study suggests sleep problems and energy product use are associated with increased alcohol use in teens, even after controlling for sociodemographics and mental health.
Results show that both sleeping problems and use of energy products are associated with greater risk of alcohol use in teenagers, according to a study conducted by the RAND Corp.
"Our findings suggest that teenagers may be using highly caffeinated energy products to cope with sleep loss, and both sleep problems and energy product use are associated with increased risk of alcohol use," said lead author Wendy Troxel.
The research abstract was published recently in an online supplement of the journal Sleep.
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